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Internet Addiction Disorder- What is it? What treatment is available?

Internet Addiction Disorder- What is it? 

Internet addiction disorder (IAD) is sometimes referred to as Problematic Internet Use (PIU),[i] Compulsive Internet Use, (CIU),[ii] Internet overuse, problematic computer use, pathological computer use, or I-Disorder,[iii]. IAD is excessive computer use which interferes with daily life.[iv]

Melissa Killeen

Melissa Killeen

Habits such as reading email, playing computer games, or binge viewing every Twilight movie or entire seasons of Breaking Bad are troubling only to the extent that these activities interfere with normal life. Internet Addiction Disorder (IAD) is often separated by the activity involved in the compulsive actions, such as video or online gaming; online social networking;[v] blogging; online stock trading, online gambling, inappropriate Internet pornography use, reading email;[vi] or Internet shopping.[vii]

Cyber-Relationship Addiction has been described as the addiction to accessing and using social networking platforms such as Facebook, Linked In, or online dating services such as Match.com and creating fictitious relationships with others through the internet. Along with many other meet-up platforms, such as Tinder or Siren, (mobile phone apps using a GPS that create a way to meet new people), finding online friends has been made very easy, yet very dangerous because there is no way to check the backgrounds of these fictitious friends. These virtual online friends start to gain more importance to the addict, eventually becoming more important than family and real-life friends.

Most, if not all “Internet addicts”, already fall under existing diagnostic labels.[viii] For many individuals, overuse or inappropriate use of the Internet is a manifestation of their depression, anxiety, impulse control disorders, or pathological gambling. According to the Center for Internet Addiction Recovery’s director Kimberly S. Young,[ix] “Internet addicts suffer from emotional problems such as depression and anxiety-related disorders and often use the fantasy world of the Internet to psychologically escape unpleasant feelings or stressful situations.”[x] More than half are also addicted to alcohol, drugs, tobacco, pornography or sex.[xi]

What kind of treatment is available?

Corrective strategies to thwart an Internet addiction include using software that will control or block the unwanted content, such as porn or gaming sites from an individual’s computer, addiction counselling, and cognitive behavioral therapy.[xii] One might consider placing time limits on smart phone or computer use, such as no smart phone use during homework time or no computer use after 9pm. The major reasons that the Internet is so addicting is the lack of limits and the absence of accountability by parents, teachers, and health professionals.[xiii] Professionals generally agree that, for Internet addiction, controlled use is a more practical goal than total abstinence.[xiv]

Families in the People’s Republic of China and South Korea have turned to unlicensed training camps that offer to “wean” their children, often in their teens, from overuse of the Internet. An internet addiction treatment center was started in Delhi, the capital city of India by a nonprofit organization, the Uday Foundation. In 2009, ReSTART, a residential treatment center for “pathological computer use”, opened near Seattle, Washington. The Ranch, a treatment center in Nunnelly, TN, that focuses on behavioral addictions has an internet addiction program. Dr Kimberly Young directs a treatment program called the Internet Addiction Program as part of the Behavioral Health Services Dual Diagnosis Unit at Bradford Regional Medical Center in Bradford, PA. Dr. Maressa Orzack, has treated addictive behaviors at the Computer Addiction Services unit at the McLean Hospital, in Belmont and Newton Center, Massachusetts. The Illinois Institute for Addiction Recovery has an Internet Addictions treatment track with locations in Peoria, Normal, Harvey and Springfield Illinois. New Beginnings offers treatment for Internet Addiction with facilities in many states.

For those that are not exactly sure they need treatment for an Internet addiction, there is Online Gamers Anonymous, (OLGA, and OLG-Anon). Founded in 2002, by Elizabeth (Liz) Woolley after her son, Shawn Woolley, committed suicide while logged into EverQuest.  OLGA is a twelve-step, self-help, support and recovery organization for gamers (OLGA) and their loved ones (OLG-Anon) who are suffering from the adverse effects of addictive computer gaming. It offers resources such as discussion forums, online chat meetings, Skype meetings and links to other resources.[xv]


References used in this blog

[i] Moreno MA, Jelenchick LA, Christakis DA (2013). “Problematic internet use among older adolescents: A conceptual framework”. Computers and Human Behavior 29: 1879–1887. doi:10.1016/j.chb.2013.01.053.

[ii] Meerkerk G.-J.; et al. (2009). “The Compulsive Internet Use Scale (CIUS)”. CyberPsychology & Behavior 12: 1–6. doi:10.1089/cpb.2008.0181.

[iii] Rosen, L. D. et al. (2012). iDisorder: Understanding Our Obsession with Technology and Overcoming Its Hold On Us. New York: Palgrave Macmillan. ISBN 9780230117570

[iv] Byun, S; et al. (2009). “Internet Addiction: Metasynthesis of 1996–2006 quantitative research”. Cyberpsychology & Behavior 12 (2): 203–7. doi:10.1089/cpb.2008.0102. PMID 19072075.

[v] Masters K. (2015). “Social Networking Addiction among Health Sciences Students in Oman“. Sultan Qaboos University Medical Journal 15 (3): 357–363. doi:10.18295/squmj.2015.15.03.009.

[vi] Turel, O. & Serenko, A. (2010). “Is mobile email addiction overlooked?” (PDF). Communications of the ACM 53 (5): 41–43. doi:10.1145/1735223.1735237.

[vii] eBay Addiction”. Center for Internet Addiction, web site: Net Addiction http://netaddiction.com/ebay-addiction/Retrieved 2015-11-16

[viii] Hooked on the Web: Help Is on the Way. New York Times, Dec. 1, 2005.

[ix] Young, K. (2009). Issues for Internet Addiction as a New Diagnosis in the DSM-V. Washington, District of Columbia, US: American Psychological Association. Retrieved from PsycEXTRA database.

[x]Frequently Asked Questions”. Netaddiction.com. Retrieved 2014-01-30.

[xi]Frequently Asked Questions”. Netaddiction.com. Retrieved 2014-01-30.

[xii] “University of Notre Dame Counseling Center, “Self help – Lost in Cyberspace”. Retrieved 2009-11-11.

[xiii] “Internet addiction and lack of accountability”. internet-addiction-guide.com. 2010-12-07. Retrieved 2011-07-06.

[xiv] Young, Kimberly S. (2007). “Treatment Outcomes with Internet Addicts” (PDF). CyberPsychology & Behavior 10 (5): 671–679. doi:10.1089/cpb.2007.9971. Retrieved 2014-03-13.

[xv] Wikipedia, OLGA accessed on Nov 16, 2015- https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/On-Line_Gamers_Anonymous

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How can you heal the trauma within?

Melissa Killeen

Melissa Killeen

Trauma changes you. You might not necessarily like that change. How can you heal the trauma within? You have the ability to transform yourself into a healthier person. You have enormous healing potential; the goal is learning to access it—and then to use that potential to heal the trauma, release the addiction(s), and obtain a glorious new life.

Without your consent, trauma can change you, often into a person you’d rather not be.                                                                           -Michele Rosenthal

Working through trauma can be scary, painful, and sometimes retraumatizing. Because of the risk of retraumatization, this healing work is best done with the help of an experienced trauma specialist. The clinical term for a therapist that has experience in treating trauma  is a trauma informed therapist. The therapist will be able to answer questions over the phone as to his/her experience in trauma-informed care. You want to ask if they are experienced in EMDR, Light Entrainment or Somatic Experiencing.

Treatment for Trauma

When a trauma memory is triggered, your nervous system gets stuck in overdrive. Successful trauma treatment revisits these traumatic memories, and allows you to observe the trauma and your “fight-flight-freeze” response. The therapist will establish a sense of safety and help you resolve the past traumas. The following therapies are commonly used in the treatment of PTSD, emotional and psychological trauma:

    • Somatic Experiencing:  Somatic processing of trauma takes advantage of the body’s unique ability to heal itself. The focus of therapy is on bodily sensations or movements (like excessive leg movement, wringing of the hands or profuse perspiration) rather than thoughts and memories about the traumatic event. By concentrating on what’s happening in your body, you gradually get in touch with trauma-related energy and tension. The therapist will encourage you to safely release this pent-up energy through shaking, crying, and other forms of physical release.
    • EMDR (Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing): This practice incorporates two paddles that when held in your hands vibrate, and a headset that sends a low tone alternating between one ear and the other ear. The tones and the vibration of the paddles distract the conscience mind, allowing for the unconscious or sub-conscience memories to arise. The therapist and you explore these memories and discuss them in an attempt to resolve the feelings around the trauma.
    • CLEAR Therapy (Colored Light Entrainment and Re-patterning) Clear Therapy is a method of releasing unresolved core emotional issues using colored light. When a flashing light is emitted into the eyes, the brain adopts the rhythm of the strobe. In the initial intake session, you look at eleven different colors of flashing light and the therapist is able to pinpoint issues based on what you see in each color. In the following sessions, the feedback from your perception of the colors enables the therapist to uncover core beliefs that drive your thinking, feelings or behavior. CLEAR is coordinated with eye movement (see EMDR), breath work and meridian-based therapies (see EFT) to facilitate rapid resolution of the problem.
    • LST (Light Stimulation Therapy) LST enhances learning abilities and performance by stimulating the eye and brain with light. A LST session has you sitting comfortably in a darkened room, looking at a waveband of colored light, which is focused directly on your eyes. It is advised to have three to five sessions per week until a total of 20 sessions is completed. At the end of the 20 sessions there is a reevaluation to determine the necessity of further treatment.
    • The Brain and Brainwave Entrainment-The DAVID Device: The senses of sight and hearing, by their very nature, provide a favorable environment for affecting brainwaves. By presenting pulsed audio and visual stimulation to the brain, the brain begins to vibrate at the same frequency as the pulsed audio from the DAVID Device. The device sends flashes of lights into a pair of glasses, and pulsed tones through a pair of headphones to gently guide the brain into altered states of consciousness.
    • The Green Wave Therapy: The Green Wave Therapy is a technique that combines green laser light, micro-current energy, and some of the principles of EMDR and EFT (see below). You rest on a massage table, and a micro-current device focuses on the region between your eyebrows. You hold the EMDR paddles in your hands as they pulse rhythmically. You also wear a headset that delivers audio tones in unison with the paddle’s vibrations. The practitioner stands back about four to five feet and encircles the entire body with green laser light. With every one- to two-minute pass, the clinician checks the level of distress you are experiencing while thinking about the trauma.
    • Emotional Freedom Technique (EFT): Based on impressive new discoveries involving the body’s energies, EFT has been reported to be 80% clinically effective in relieving trauma. The EFT procedure involves tapping with the fingers on points on the body that are associated with acupuncture pressure points. While performing the tapping sequence, distressful thoughts and/or events are targeted and healing statements are repeated out loud. EFT often works where nothing else will. It is rapid, long-lasting and gentle. No drugs or equipment are involved. It is easily learned by anyone in less than an hour. EFT techniques can be taught and be self-administered.

Trauma Recovery Tips

Recovering from emotional and psychological trauma takes time. Give yourself time to heal and to mourn the losses you’ve experienced. During your trauma therapy there are some self-help strategies to keep you healthy and continue the healing between your therapeutic sessions:

           1: Don’t isolate

           2: Stay grounded

           3: Take care of your health

Don’t try to force the healing process. Be patient with your pace of recovery. Finally, be prepared for difficult and volatile emotions. Allow yourself to feel whatever you’re feeling without judgment or guilt.

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What kind of credential do I need to be a Professional Recovery Coach?

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Melissa Killeen

When I published my book Recovery Coaching – A Guide to Coaching People in Recovery from Addictions in 2013, the term professional recovery coach or professional recovery life coach was not in frequent use.

A professional recovery coach is trained in professional coaching techniques, which means he or she has been educated in group dynamics (how people act in a group), how to develop high performing individuals (leadership) or how to facilitate change. Additionally, they have training in the addiction recovery models, motivational interviewing and Harm Reduction. They may use their experiential knowledge of their own recovery to augment their professional recovery coaching faculties. Professional coaches work in many fields: executive coaching, business coaching, finance coaching, wellness coaching or life coaching. Recovery coaching fits nicely into the life coaching model.

International Coaching Federation (ICF)

There is one worldwide organization that is recognized as issuing professional coaching credentials, the International Coaching Federation (ICF), http://coachfederation.org. There are three levels of ICF coaching credentials. The Associate Certified Coach (ACC) Credential is for the coach who is just beginning in the field, and is the first credential that can be completed with ICF. The Professional Certified Coach Credential (PCC) is for the more experienced coach and the Master Certified Coach (MCC) Credential is for the expert coach.

When seeking to be credentialed as an Associate Certified Coach (ACC), the coach has to have completed an entire ICF Accredited Coach Training Program (ACTP). On the ICF website is a list of all of the accepted training programs from which the ICF will accept training credentials. The ICF does not offer a unique recovery coaching credential, nor a peer recovery-support credential.

There is one organization, Family Recovery Resources, listed in the ICF Accredited Coach Training Program that offers a family-in-recovery coaching course for a family recovery coach certificate. There are no other recommended organizations that offer any recovery coach orientated courses. If a recovery coach has received training from any organization specializing in recovery coaching training, it is likely that the training would not be credited toward an ICF certificate. There is a very interesting selection of courses in the ICF Accredited Coach Training Program, such as executive coaching, end-of-life coaching, divorce coaching, Neuro-Linguistic Programming, wellness coaching, conflict coaching and several other excellent learning opportunities, on the ICF web site.

The ACC applicants must work while they learn, and complete 100 hours of client-to-coach experience during their coach-specific training program. In addition the applicants are required to receive 10 hours of Mentor Coaching, and 100 hours (75 hours to be paid) of coaching experience with at least 8 clients, post training. There is a performance evaluation (audio recording and written transcript of coaching session) and a Coaching Knowledge Assessment (CKA) to complete the ACC credentialing application. The ACC credentialing process costs are dependent on the types of training courses a coach must take to complete the requirements for the certificate. The ACC credentialing process can take from 18 months to two years complete.

It is my hope that the information transmitted in the past few posts will help a person interested in recovery coaching see the path to certification a bit more clearly. Please feel free to contact me with any questions you have about the path you should take in seeking your recovery coaching training and credentialing.

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